Constraints on top-down models for the origin of UHECRs from the Pierre Auger Observatory data

Taking into account the Pierre Auger Observatory limits on the photon fraction among the highest energy cosmic rays, we show that the models based on the decay of super-heavy dark matter in the halo of our Galaxy are essentially excluded from being the sources of UHECRs unless their contribution becomes significant only above 100 EeV. Some top-down models based on topological defects are however compatible with the current data and may be best constrained in the future by the high-energy neutrino flux limit.Comment: Contribution to the 30th International Cosmic Ray Conference, Merida, Mexico, July 200

Galactic and extragalactic contributions to the astrophysical muon neutrino signal

Spectral and anisotropy properties of IceCube astrophysical neutrino signal reveal an evidence for a significant Galactic contribution to the neutrino flux in Southern hemisphere. We check if the Galactic contribution is detectable in the astrophysical muon neutrino flux observed from a low positive declinations region of the Northern sky. Estimating the Galactic neutrino flux in this part of the sky from gamma-ray and Southern sky neutrino data, we find that the Northern sky astrophysical muon neutrino signal shows an excess over the Galactic flux. This points to the presence of an additional hard spectrum (extragalactic or large scale Galactic halo) component of astrophysical neutrino flux. We show that the Galactic flux component should still be detectable in the muon neutrino data in a decade long IceCube exposure.Comment: 4 pages, 3 figure

Galactic sources of E>100 GeV gamma-rays seen by Fermi telescope

We perform a search for sources of gamma-rays with energies E>100 GeV at low Galactic latitudes |b|<10 deg using the data of Fermi telescope. To separate compact gamma-ray sources from the diffuse emission from the Galaxy, we use the Minimal Spanning Tree method with threshold of 5 events in inner Galaxy (Galactic longitude |l|<60 deg) and of 3 events in outer Galaxy. Using this method, we identify 22 clusters of very-high-energy (VHE) gamma-rays, which we consider as "source candidates". 3 out of 22 event clusters are expected to be produced in result of random coincidences of arrival directions of diffuse background photons. To distinguish clusters of VHE events produced by real sources from the background we perform likelihood analysis on each source candidate. We present a list of 19 higher significance sources for which the likelihood analysis in the energy band E>100 GeV gives Test Statistics (TS) values above 25. Only 10 out of the 19 high-significance sources can be readily identified with previously known VHE gamma-ray sources. 4 sources could be parts of extended emission from known VHE gamma-ray sources. Five sources are new detections in the VHE band. Among these new detections we tentatively identify one source as a possible extragalactic source PMN J1603-4904 (a blazar candidate), one as a pulsar wind nebula around PSR J1828-1007. High significance cluster of VHE events is also found at the position of a source coincident with the Eta Carinae nebula. In the Galactic Center region, strong VHE gamma-ray signal is detected from Sgr C molecular cloud, but not from the Galactic Center itself.Comment: 6 pages, 2 figure

Evidence for the Galactic contribution to the IceCube astrophysical neutrino flux

We show that the Galactic latitude distribution of IceCube astrophysical neutrino events with energies above 100~TeV is inconsistent with the isotropic model of the astrophysical neutrino flux. Namely, the Galactic latitude distribution of the events shows an excess at low latitudes |b|<10 degrees and a deficit at high Galactic latitude |b|> 50 degrees. We use Monte-Carlo simulations to show that the inconsistency of the isotropic signal model with the data is at > 3 sigma level, after the account of trial factors related to the choice of the low-energy threshold and Galactic latitude binning in our analysis.Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, accepted to Astroparticle Physic

Anisotropic Cosmic Ray Diffusion and its Implications for Gamma-Ray Astronomy

Analyses of TeV-PeV cosmic ray (CR) diffusion around their sources usually assume either isotropic diffusion or anisotropic diffusion due to the regular Galactic magnetic field. We show that none of them are adequate on distances smaller than the maximal scale Lmax ~ 100 pc of fluctuations in the turbulent interstellar magnetic field. As a result, we predict anisotropic gamma-ray emissions around CR proton and electron sources, even for uniform densities of target gas. The centers of extended emission regions may have non-negligible offsets from their sources, leading to risks of misidentification. Gamma-rays from CR filaments have steeper energy spectra than those from surrounding regions. We point out that gamma-ray telescopes can be used in the future as a new way to probe and deduce the parameters of the interstellar magnetic field.Comment: 13 pages (2 columns), 9 figures. Published in Physical Review

Imprint of a 2 Myr old source on the cosmic ray anisotropy

We study numerically the anisotropy of the cosmic ray (CR) flux emitted by a single source calculating the trajectories of individual CRs. We show that the contribution of a single source to the observed anisotropy is instead determined solely by the fraction the source contributes to the total CR intensity, its age and its distance,and does not depend on the CR energy at late times. Therefore the observation of a constant dipole anisotropy indicates that a single source dominates the CR flux in the corresponding energy range. A natural explanation for the plateau between 2--20 TeV observed in the CR anisotropy is thus the presence of a single, nearby source. For the source age of 2 Myr, as suggested by the explanation of the antiproton and positron data from PAMELA and AMS-02 through a local source [arXiv:astro-ph/1504.06472], we determine the source distance as $\sim 200$ pc. Combined with the contribution of the global CR sea calculated in the escape model, we can explain qualitatively the data for the dipole anisotropy. Our results suggest that the assumption of a smooth CR source distribution should be abandoned between 200 GeV and 1 PeV.Comment: 4 pages, 4 eps figures; v2: minor changes, to appear in ApJ